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Leviticus 11

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1 καὶ ἐλάλησεν κύριος πρὸς Μωυσῆν καὶ Ααρων λέγων 2 λαλήσατε τοῖς υἱοῖς Ισραηλ λέγοντες ταῦτα τὰ κτήνη ἃ φάγεσθε ἀπὸ πάντων τῶν κτηνῶν τῶν ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς 3 πᾶν κτῆνος διχηλοῦν ὁπλὴν καὶ ὀνυχιστῆρας ὀνυχίζον δύο χηλῶν καὶ ἀνάγον μηρυκισμὸν ἐν τοῖς κτήνεσιν ταῦτα φάγεσθε 4 πλὴν ἀπὸ τούτων οὐ φάγεσθε ἀπὸ τῶν ἀναγόντων μηρυκισμὸν καὶ ἀπὸ τῶν διχηλούντων τὰς ὁπλὰς καὶ ὀνυχιζόντων ὀνυχιστῆρας τὸν κάμηλον ὅτι ἀνάγει μηρυκισμὸν τοῦτο ὁπλὴν δὲ οὐ διχηλεῖ ἀκάθαρτον τοῦτο ὑμῖν 5 καὶ τὸν δασύποδα ὅτι ἀνάγει μηρυκισμὸν τοῦτο καὶ ὁπλὴν οὐ διχηλεῖ ἀκάθαρτον τοῦτο ὑμῖν 6 καὶ τὸν χοιρογρύλλιον ὅτι ἀνάγει μηρυκισμὸν τοῦτο καὶ ὁπλὴν οὐ διχηλεῖ ἀκάθαρτον τοῦτο ὑμῖν 7 καὶ τὸν ὗν ὅτι διχηλεῖ ὁπλὴν τοῦτο καὶ ὀνυχίζει ὄνυχας ὁπλῆς καὶ τοῦτο οὐκ ἀνάγει μηρυκισμόν ἀκάθαρτον τοῦτο ὑμῖν 8 ἀπὸ τῶν κρεῶν αὐτῶν οὐ φάγεσθε καὶ τῶν θνησιμαίων αὐτῶν οὐχ ἅψεσθε ἀκάθαρτα ταῦτα ὑμῖν

1 And the Lord spoke to Moses and Aaron, saying: 2 Say to the children of Israel: These are the animals which you are to eat of all the living things of the earth. 3 Whatsoever has the hoof divided, and chews the cud among the beasts, you shall eat. 4 But whatsoever chews indeed the cud, and has a hoof, but divides it not, as the camel, and others: that you shall not eat, but shall reckon it among the unclean. 5 The cherogrillus which chews the cud, but divides not the hoof, is unclean. 6 The hare also: for that too chews the cud, but divides not the hoof. 7 And the swine, which, though it divides the hoof, chews not the cud. 8 The flesh of these you shall not eat, nor shall you touch their carcasses, because they are unclean to you.

1 Locutusque est Dominus ad Moysen et Aaron, dicens: 2 Dicite filiis Israël : Hæc sunt animalia quæ comedere debetis de cunctis animantibus terræ: 3 omne quod habet divisam ungulam, et ruminat in pecoribus, comedetis. 4 Quidquid autem ruminat quidem, et habet ungulam, sed non dividit eam, sicut camelus et cetera, non comedetis illud, et inter immunda reputabitis. 5 Chœrogryllus qui ruminat, ungulamque non dividit, immundus est. 6 Lepus quoque : nam et ipse ruminat, sed ungulam non dividit. 7 Et sus : qui cum ungulam dividat, non ruminat. 8 Horum carnibus non vescemini, nec cadavera contingetis, quia immunda sunt vobis.

Animals which you are to eat, etc... The prohibition of so many kinds of beasts, birds, and fishes, in the law, was ordered, 1st, to exercise the people in obedience, and temperance; 2ndly, to restrain them from the vices of which these animals were symbols; 3rdly, because the things here forbidden were for the most part unwholesome, and not proper to be eaten; 4thly, that the people of God, by being obliged to abstain from things corporally unclean, might be trained up to seek a spiritual cleanness.
Hoof divided, and chews the cud... The dividing of the hoof and chewing of the cud, signify discretion between good and evil, and meditating on the law of God; and where either of these is wanting a man is unclean. In like manner fishes were reputed unclean that had not fins and scales: that is, souls that did not raise themselves up by prayer and cover themselves with the scales of virtue.
The cherogrillus... Some suppose it to be the rabbit, others the hedgehog. St. Jerome intimates that it is another kind of animal common in Palestine, which lives in the holes of rocks or in the earth. We choose here, as also in the names of several other creatures that follow (which are little known in this part of the world), to keep the Greek or Latin names.

9 καὶ ταῦτα ἃ φάγεσθε ἀπὸ πάντων τῶν ἐν τοῖς ὕδασιν πάντα ὅσα ἐστὶν αὐτοῖς πτερύγια καὶ λεπίδες ἐν τοῖς ὕδασιν καὶ ἐν ταῖς θαλάσσαις καὶ ἐν τοῖς χειμάρροις ταῦτα φάγεσθε 10 καὶ πάντα ὅσα οὐκ ἔστιν αὐτοῖς πτερύγια οὐδὲ λεπίδες ἐν τῷ ὕδατι ἢ ἐν ταῖς θαλάσσαις καὶ ἐν τοῖς χειμάρροις ἀπὸ πάντων ὧν ἐρεύγεται τὰ ὕδατα καὶ ἀπὸ πάσης ψυχῆς ζώσης τῆς ἐν τῷ ὕδατι βδέλυγμά ἐστιν 11 καὶ βδελύγματα ἔσονται ὑμῖν ἀπὸ τῶν κρεῶν αὐτῶν οὐκ ἔδεσθε καὶ τὰ θνησιμαῖα αὐτῶν βδελύξεσθε 12 καὶ πάντα ὅσα οὐκ ἔστιν αὐτοῖς πτερύγια καὶ λεπίδες τῶν ἐν τῷ ὕδατι βδέλυγμα τοῦτό ἐστιν ὑμῖν

9 These are the things that breed in the waters, and which it is lawful to eat. All that has fins, and scales, as well in the sea, as in the rivers, and the pools, you shall eat. 10 But whatsoever has not fins and scales, of those things that move and live in the waters, shall be an abomination to you, 11 and detestable. Their flesh you shall not eat: and their carcasses you shall avoid. 12 All that have not fins and scales, in the waters, shall be unclean.

9 Hæc sunt quæ gignuntur in aquis, et vesci licitum est : omne quod habet pinnulas et squamas, tam in mari quam in fluminibus et stagnis, comedetis. 10 Quidquid autem pinnulas et squamas non habet, eorum quæ in aquis moventur et vivunt, abominabile vobis, 11 execrandumque erit : carnes eorum non comedetis, et morticina vitabitis. 12 Cuncta quæ non habent pinnulas et squamas in aquis, polluta erunt.

13 καὶ ταῦτα βδελύξεσθε ἀπὸ τῶν πετεινῶν καὶ οὐ βρωθήσεται βδέλυγμά ἐστιν τὸν ἀετὸν καὶ τὸν γρύπα καὶ τὸν ἁλιαίετον 14 καὶ τὸν γύπα καὶ ἰκτῖνα καὶ τὰ ὅμοια αὐτῷ 15 καὶ κόρακα καὶ τὰ ὅμοια αὐτῷ 16 καὶ στρουθὸν καὶ γλαῦκα καὶ λάρον καὶ τὰ ὅμοια αὐτῷ καὶ ἱέρακα καὶ τὰ ὅμοια αὐτῷ 17 καὶ νυκτικόρακα καὶ καταρράκτην καὶ ἶβιν 18 καὶ πορφυρίωνα καὶ πελεκᾶνα καὶ κύκνον 19 καὶ γλαῦκα καὶ ἐρωδιὸν καὶ χαραδριὸν καὶ τὰ ὅμοια αὐτῷ καὶ ἔποπα καὶ νυκτερίδα

13 Of birds these are they which you must not eat, and which are to be avoided by you: The eagle, and the griffon, and the osprey. 14 And the kite, and the vulture, according to their kind. 15 And all that is of the raven kind, according to their likeness. 16 The ostrich, and the owl, and the larus, and the hawk according to its kind. 17 The screech owl, and the cormorant, and the ibis. 18 And the swan, and the bittern, and the porphyrion. 19 The heron, and the charadroin according to its kind, the houp also, and the bat.

13 Hæc sunt quæ de avibus comedere non debetis, et vitanda sunt vobis : aquilam, et gryphem, et haliæetum, 14 et milvum ac vulturem juxta genus suum, 15 et omne corvini generis in similitudinem suam, 16 struthionem, et noctuam, et larum, et accipitrem juxta genus suum: 17 bubonem, et mergulum, et ibin, 18 et cygnum, et onocrotalum, et porphyrionem, 19 herodionem, et charadrion juxta genus suum, upupam quoque, et vespertilionem.

The griffon... Not the monster which the painter represent, which hath no being upon earth; but a bird of the eagle kind, larger than the common.

20 καὶ πάντα τὰ ἑρπετὰ τῶν πετεινῶν ἃ πορεύεται ἐπὶ τέσσαρα βδελύγματά ἐστιν ὑμῖν 21 ἀλλὰ ταῦτα φάγεσθε ἀπὸ τῶν ἑρπετῶν τῶν πετεινῶν ἃ πορεύεται ἐπὶ τέσσαρα ἃ ἔχει σκέλη ἀνώτερον τῶν ποδῶν αὐτοῦ πηδᾶν ἐν αὐτοῖς ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς 22 καὶ ταῦτα φάγεσθε ἀπ' αὐτῶν τὸν βροῦχον καὶ τὰ ὅμοια αὐτῷ καὶ τὸν ἀττάκην καὶ τὰ ὅμοια αὐτῷ καὶ τὴν ἀκρίδα καὶ τὰ ὅμοια αὐτῇ καὶ τὸν ὀφιομάχην καὶ τὰ ὅμοια αὐτῷ 23 πᾶν ἑρπετὸν ἀπὸ τῶν πετεινῶν οἷς ἐστιν τέσσαρες πόδες βδέλυγμά ἐστιν ὑμῖν 24 καὶ ἐν τούτοις μιανθήσεσθε πᾶς ὁ ἁπτόμενος τῶν θνησιμαίων αὐτῶν ἀκάθαρτος ἔσται ἕως ἑσπέρας 25 καὶ πᾶς ὁ αἴρων τῶν θνησιμαίων αὐτῶν πλυνεῖ τὰ ἱμάτια καὶ ἀκάθαρτος ἔσται ἕως ἑσπέρας 26 ἐν πᾶσιν τοῖς κτήνεσιν ὅ ἐστιν διχηλοῦν ὁπλὴν καὶ ὀνυχιστῆρας ὀνυχίζει καὶ μηρυκισμὸν οὐ μαρυκᾶται ἀκάθαρτα ἔσονται ὑμῖν πᾶς ὁ ἁπτόμενος τῶν θνησιμαίων αὐτῶν ἀκάθαρτος ἔσται ἕως ἑσπέρας 27 καὶ πᾶς ὃς πορεύεται ἐπὶ χειρῶν ἐν πᾶσι τοῖς θηρίοις ἃ πορεύεται ἐπὶ τέσσαρα ἀκάθαρτα ἔσται ὑμῖν πᾶς ὁ ἁπτόμενος τῶν θνησιμαίων αὐτῶν ἀκάθαρτος ἔσται ἕως ἑσπέρας 28 καὶ ὁ αἴρων τῶν θνησιμαίων αὐτῶν πλυνεῖ τὰ ἱμάτια καὶ ἀκάθαρτος ἔσται ἕως ἑσπέρας ἀκάθαρτα ταῦτα ὑμῖν ἐστιν 29 καὶ ταῦτα ὑμῖν ἀκάθαρτα ἀπὸ τῶν ἑρπετῶν τῶν ἑρπόντων ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς ἡ γαλῆ καὶ ὁ μῦς καὶ ὁ κροκόδειλος ὁ χερσαῖος 30 μυγαλῆ καὶ χαμαιλέων καὶ καλαβώτης καὶ σαύρα καὶ ἀσπάλαξ

20 Of things that fly, whatsoever goes upon four feet, shall be abominable to you. 21 But whatsoever walks upon four feet, but has the legs behind longer, wherewith it hops upon the earth, 22 that you shall eat: as the bruchus in its kind, the attacus, and ophimachus, and the locust, every, one according to their kind. 23 But of flying things whatsoever has four feet only, shall be an abomination to you. 24 And whosoever shall touch the carcasses of them, shall be defiled: and shall be unclean until the evening: 25 And if it be necessary that he carry any of these things when they are dead: he shall wash his clothes, and shall be unclean until the sun set. 26 Every beast that has a hoof, but divides it not, nor chews the cud shall be unclean: and he that touches it, shall be defiled. 27 That which walks upon hands of all animals which go on all four, shall be unclean: he that shall touch their carcasses shall be defiled until evening. 28 And he that shall carry such carcasses, shall wash his clothes, and shall be unclean until evening: because all these things are unclean to you. 29 These also shall be reckoned among unclean things, of all that move upon the earth. The weasel, and the mouse, and the crocodile, every one according to their kind: 30 The shrew, and the chameleon, and the stellio, and the lizard, and the mole.

20 Omne de volucribus quod graditur super quatuor pedes, abominabile erit vobis. 21 Quidquid autem ambulat quidem super quatuor pedes, sed habet longiora retro crura, per quæ salit super terram, 22 comedere debetis, ut est bruchus in genere suo, et attacus atque ophiomachus, ac locusta, singula juxta genus suum. 23 Quidquid autem ex volucribus quatuor tantum habet pedes, execrabile erit vobis: 24 et quicumque morticina eorum tetigerit, polluetur, et erit immundus usque ad vesperum: 25 et si necesse fuerit ut portet quippiam horum mortuum, lavabit vestimenta sua, et immundus erit usque ad occasum solis. 26 Omne animal quod habet quidem ungulam, sed non dividit eam, nec ruminat, immundum erit : et qui tetigerit illud, contaminabitur. 27 Quod ambulat super manus ex cunctis animantibus, quæ incedunt quadrupedia, immundum erit : qui tetigerit morticina eorum, polluetur usque ad vesperum. 28 Et qui portaverit hujuscemodi cadavera, lavabit vestimenta sua, et immundus erit usque ad vesperum : quia omnia hæc immunda sunt vobis. 29 Hæc quoque inter polluta reputabuntur de his quæ moventur in terra, mustela et mus et crocodilus, singula juxta genus suum, 30 mygale, et chamæleon, et stellio, et lacerta, et talpa.

31 ταῦτα ἀκάθαρτα ὑμῖν ἀπὸ πάντων τῶν ἑρπετῶν τῶν ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς πᾶς ὁ ἁπτόμενος αὐτῶν τεθνηκότων ἀκάθαρτος ἔσται ἕως ἑσπέρας 32 καὶ πᾶν ἐφ' ὃ ἂν ἐπιπέσῃ ἀπ' αὐτῶν τεθνηκότων αὐτῶν ἀκάθαρτον ἔσται ἀπὸ παντὸς σκεύους ξυλίνου ἢ ἱματίου ἢ δέρματος ἢ σάκκου πᾶν σκεῦος ὃ ἐὰν ποιηθῇ ἔργον ἐν αὐτῷ εἰς ὕδωρ βαφήσεται καὶ ἀκάθαρτον ἔσται ἕως ἑσπέρας καὶ καθαρὸν ἔσται 33 καὶ πᾶν σκεῦος ὀστράκινον εἰς ὃ ἐὰν πέσῃ ἀπὸ τούτων ἔνδον ὅσα ἐὰν ἔνδον ᾖ ἀκάθαρτα ἔσται καὶ αὐτὸ συντριβήσεται 34 καὶ πᾶν βρῶμα ὃ ἔσθεται εἰς ὃ ἐὰν ἐπέλθῃ ἐπ' αὐτὸ ὕδωρ ἀκάθαρτον ἔσται καὶ πᾶν ποτόν ὃ πίνεται ἐν παντὶ ἀγγείῳ ἀκάθαρτον ἔσται 35 καὶ πᾶν ὃ ἐὰν πέσῃ ἀπὸ τῶν θνησιμαίων αὐτῶν ἐπ' αὐτό ἀκάθαρτον ἔσται κλίβανοι καὶ κυθρόποδες καθαιρεθήσονται ἀκάθαρτα ταῦτά ἐστιν καὶ ἀκάθαρτα ταῦτα ὑμῖν ἔσονται 36 πλὴν πηγῶν ὑδάτων καὶ λάκκου καὶ συναγωγῆς ὕδατος ἔσται καθαρόν ὁ δὲ ἁπτόμενος τῶν θνησιμαίων αὐτῶν ἀκάθαρτος ἔσται 37 ἐὰν δὲ ἐπιπέσῃ τῶν θνησιμαίων αὐτῶν ἐπὶ πᾶν σπέρμα σπόριμον ὃ σπαρήσεται καθαρὸν ἔσται 38 ἐὰν δὲ ἐπιχυθῇ ὕδωρ ἐπὶ πᾶν σπέρμα καὶ ἐπιπέσῃ τῶν θνησιμαίων αὐτῶν ἐπ' αὐτό ἀκάθαρτόν ἐστιν ὑμῖν 39 ἐὰν δὲ ἀποθάνῃ τῶν κτηνῶν ὅ ἐστιν ὑμῖν τοῦτο φαγεῖν ὁ ἁπτόμενος τῶν θνησιμαίων αὐτῶν ἀκάθαρτος ἔσται ἕως ἑσπέρας 40 καὶ ὁ ἐσθίων ἀπὸ τῶν θνησιμαίων τούτων πλυνεῖ τὰ ἱμάτια καὶ ἀκάθαρτος ἔσται ἕως ἑσπέρας καὶ ὁ αἴρων ἀπὸ θνησιμαίων αὐτῶν πλυνεῖ τὰ ἱμάτια καὶ λούσεται ὕδατι καὶ ἀκάθαρτος ἔσται ἕως ἑσπέρας 41 καὶ πᾶν ἑρπετόν ὃ ἕρπει ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς βδέλυγμα τοῦτο ἔσται ὑμῖν οὐ βρωθήσεται 42 καὶ πᾶς ὁ πορευόμενος ἐπὶ κοιλίας καὶ πᾶς ὁ πορευόμενος ἐπὶ τέσσαρα διὰ παντός ὃ πολυπληθεῖ ποσὶν ἐν πᾶσιν τοῖς ἑρπετοῖς τοῖς ἕρπουσιν ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς οὐ φάγεσθε αὐτό ὅτι βδέλυγμα ὑμῖν ἐστιν 43 καὶ οὐ μὴ βδελύξητε τὰς ψυχὰς ὑμῶν ἐν πᾶσι τοῖς ἑρπετοῖς τοῖς ἕρπουσιν ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς καὶ οὐ μιανθήσεσθε ἐν τούτοις καὶ οὐκ ἀκάθαρτοι ἔσεσθε ἐν αὐτοῖς 44 ὅτι ἐγώ εἰμι κύριος ὁ θεὸς ὑμῶν καὶ ἁγιασθήσεσθε καὶ ἅγιοι ἔσεσθε ὅτι ἅγιός εἰμι ἐγὼ κύριος ὁ θεὸς ὑμῶν καὶ οὐ μιανεῖτε τὰς ψυχὰς ὑμῶν ἐν πᾶσιν τοῖς ἑρπετοῖς τοῖς κινουμένοις ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς 45 ὅτι ἐγώ εἰμι κύριος ὁ ἀναγαγὼν ὑμᾶς ἐκ γῆς Αἰγύπτου εἶναι ὑμῶν θεός καὶ ἔσεσθε ἅγιοι ὅτι ἅγιός εἰμι ἐγὼ κύριος 46 οὗτος ὁ νόμος περὶ τῶν κτηνῶν καὶ τῶν πετεινῶν καὶ πάσης ψυχῆς τῆς κινουμένης ἐν τῷ ὕδατι καὶ πάσης ψυχῆς ἑρπούσης ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς 47 διαστεῖλαι ἀνὰ μέσον τῶν ἀκαθάρτων καὶ ἀνὰ μέσον τῶν καθαρῶν καὶ ἀνὰ μέσον τῶν ζωογονούντων τὰ ἐσθιόμενα καὶ ἀνὰ μέσον τῶν ζωογονούντων τὰ μὴ ἐσθιόμενα

31 All these are unclean. He that touches their carcasses shall be unclean until the evening. 32 And upon what thing soever any of their carcasses shall fall, it shall be defiled, whether it be a vessel of wood, or a garment, or skins or haircloths: or anything in which work is done. They shall be dipped in water, and shall be unclean until the evening, and so afterwards shall be clean. 33 But an earthen vessel, into which any of these shall fall, shall be defiled: and therefore is to be broken. 34 Any meat which you eat, if water from such a vessel be poured upon it, shall be unclean; and every liquor that is drunk out of any such vessel, shall be unclean. 35 And upon whatsoever thing any of these dead beasts shall fall, it shall be unclean. Whether it be oven, or pots with feet, they shall be destroyed, and shall be unclean. 36 But fountains and cisterns, and all gatherings together of waters shall be clean. He that touches their carcasses shall be defiled. 37 If it fall upon seed corn, it shall not defile it. 38 But if any man pour water upon the seed, and afterwards it be touched by the carcasses, it shall be forthwith defiled. 39 If any beast die, of which it is lawful for you to eat, he that touches the carcass thereof, shall be unclean until the evening. 40 And he that eats or carries anything thereof, shall wash his clothes, and shall be unclean until the evening. 41 All that creeps upon the earth shall be abominable: neither shall it be taken for meat. 42 Whatsoever goes upon the breast on four feet, or has many feet, or trails on the earth, you shall not eat, because it is abominable. 43 Do not defile your souls, nor touch aught thereof, lest you be unclean, 44 for I am the Lord your God. Be holy because I am holy. Defile not your souls by any creeping thing, that moves upon the earth. 45 For I am the Lord, who brought you out of the land of Egypt, that I might be your God. 46 You shall be holy, because I am holy. This is the law of beasts and fowls, and of every living creature that moves in the waters, and creeps on the earth: 47 That you may know the differences of the clean, and unclean, and know what you ought to eat, and what to refuse.

31 Omnia hæc immunda sunt. Qui tetigerit morticina eorum, immundus erit usque ad vesperum: 32 et super quod ceciderit quidquam de morticinis eorum, polluetur, tam vas ligneum et vestimentum, quam pelles et cilicia : et in quocumque fit opus, tingentur aqua, et polluta erunt usque ad vesperum, et sic postea mundabuntur. 33 Vas autem fictile, in quod horum quidquam intro cecidit, polluetur, et idcirco frangendum est. 34 Omnis cibus, quem comedetis, si fusa fuerit super eum aqua, immundus erit : et omne liquens quod bibitur de universo vase, immundum erit. 35 Et quidquid de morticinis hujuscemodi ceciderit super illud, immundum erit : sive clibani, sive chytropodes, destruentur, et immundi erunt. 36 Fontes vero et cisternæ, et omnis aquarum congregatio munda erit. Qui morticinum eorum tetigerit, polluetur. 37 Si ceciderit super sementem, non polluet eam. 38 Si autem quispiam aqua sementem perfuderit, et postea morticinis tacta fuerit, illico polluetur. 39 Si mortuum fuerit animal, quod licet vobis comedere, qui cadaver ejus tetigerit, immundus erit usque ad vesperum: 40 et qui comederit ex eo quippiam, sive portaverit, lavabit vestimenta sua, et immundus erit usque ad vesperum. 41 Omne quod reptat super terram, abominabile erit, nec assumetur in cibum. 42 Quidquid super pectus quadrupes graditur, et multos habet pedes, sive per humum trahitur, non comedetis, quia abominabile est. 43 Nolite contaminare animas vestras, nec tangatis quidquam eorum, ne immundi sitis. 44 Ego enim sum Dominus Deus vester : sancti estote, quia ego sanctus sum. Ne polluatis animas vestras in omni reptili quod movetur super terram. 45 Ego enim sum Dominus, qui eduxi vos de terra Ægypti, ut essem vobis in Deum. Sancti eritis, quia ego sanctus sum. 46 Ista est lex animantium ac volucrum, et omnis animæ viventis, quæ movetur in aqua, et reptat in terra, 47 ut differentias noveritis mundi et immundi, et sciatis quid comedere et quid respuere debeatis.